CGx – Genetic Cancer
Cancer Genomics Testing
CGx Testing is a preventative gene test that looks for specific inherited changes (mutations) in a person’s genetic make-up. Harmful mutations may increase a persons’ chance, or risk, of developing a disease such as cancer. These conditions are considered hereditary. Appropriate genetic testing may be used to determine an individual’s risk and potential treatment options as indicated. Some people inherit mutation(s) in the germline, allowing for the mutations to be passed on from parents to their children just like our harmless genetic traits such as height or eye color.
What are genes?
Genes are pieces of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) inside each cell that tell the cell what to do and when to grow and divide. Each gene is made up of a specific DNA sequence that contains the code (the instructions) to make a certain protein, each of which has a specific job or function in the body. Each human cell has about 25,000 genes.
What are genes?
Genes are pieces of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) inside each cell that tell the cell what to do and when to grow and divide. Each gene is made up of a specific DNA sequence that contains the code (the instructions) to make a certain protein, each of which has a specific job or function in the body. Each human cell has about 25,000 genes.
The Basics of Chromosomes
Genes are packaged in bundles called chromosomes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, resulting in 46 individual chromosomes. Of those pairs, one pair, the x and y chromosome, determines whether you are male or female, plus some other body characteristics. Females have an XX pair of chromosomes while men have a pair of XY chromosomes. The other 22 pairs are autosomal chromosomes, which determine the rest of your body’s makeup.
What is genetic testing?
Genetic testing looks for specific inherited changes (mutations) in a person’s chromosomes, genes, or proteins. Genetic mutations can have harmful, beneficial, neutral (no effect), or uncertain effects on health. Harmful mutations may increase a person’s chance, or risk, of developing a disease such as cancer. Overall, inherited mutations are thought to play a role in about 5 to 10 percent of all cancers.
Which patients qualify for testing?
Which patients qualify for testing?
- Patients with several first-degree relatives (mother, father, sisters, brothers, children) with cancer or a history of cancer.
- Patients that have many relatives on one side of the family who have had the same type of cancer.
- Patients that have a family member with more than one type of cancer (like a woman with breast and ovarian).
- Patients that have family members who had cancer at a younger age than normal for that type of cancer (Like colon cancer in a 20-year-old female).
- Patients with an ethnicity (for example, Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry) that is linked to ovarian and breast cancers.
- Patients that have a cluster of cancers in your family that are known to be linked to a single gene mutation (such as breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers in your family).
- Patients that have had cancer in the past.
- Patients with family members that have cancers occurring in both of a pair of organs (like both eyes, both kidneys, or both breasts).
- Patients that have family members with more than one childhood cancer in siblings (like sarcoma in both a brother and a sister).
- Patients that have family members that have cancer occurring in the sex that is usually not affected (like breast cancer in a man).
Most Common Types of Hereditary Cancers
- Prostate Cancer
- Ovarian Cancer
- Endometrial Cancer
- Uterus Cancer
- Colorectal Cancer
- Thyroid Cancer
- Leukemias and Lymphomas
- Heriditary Neuroendoctrine Tumor Disorders
- Breast Cancer – Male and Female
What can you expect for results from CGx testing?
This test will not tell you if you have cancer today or that you will get cancer in the future. The CGx test will help determine your risk of developing cancer. One of the greatest benefits of the test is determining if you have a genetic precursor or genes that may pass an increased cancer risk to your children.
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